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On U.S. Navy submarines, living quarters consist of bunkrooms -- called "berthing areas" -- that provide no more than 15 square feet of space per man for sleep and personal belongings. On most submarines each crewman's bed -- called a "berth" or "rack" -- has a reading light, a ventilation duct, an earphone jack for the ship's audio entertainment system, and a curtain to provide a small (but welcome) measure of privacy. The crewmen store their clothing and personal belongings in a sturdy pan-like locker beneath their mattress. When a U.S. Navy submarine is operating normally at sea, lights in berthing areas are dimmed. About one third of the crew is asleep at all times because the submarines operate 24 hours a day and the crew works in shifts. Only the captain and executive officer of the submarine have private rooms, called "staterooms," in which they work and sleep. Under some circumstances, crewmen may sleep in the submarine's torpedo room.
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