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At age 21, Linda Morfoot was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa. Over the next 30 years, her eyesight slowly degenerated from the edges inward. Then she received the 16-electrode Artificial Retina implant, and everything changed.

Dr. Mark Humayun discusses the workings of the Artificial Retina and the surgical procedure used to implant the device in the eye. He also explains how subjects with the implant learn strategies for using the 16-pixel array to gather information about their environment.

In this Web Exclusive video, Damien explains how the electrode array of the Artificial Retina is constructed in a process that involves computer models, photolithographic technologies, and machines that are also used to build integrated cicuits.

The Artificial Retina Project is a multi-institutional collaborative effort, headed by the U.S. Department of Energy, whose goal is to restore partial sight to people blinded by retinal diseases.

Far from being a “new” or “alternative” energy source, solar energy is what makes all life on earth possible. In this Web Exclusive video, Dr. Amy Litt of the New York Botanical Garden explains how all energy on earth — from the food energy we put into our bodies to the gasoline we put in our cars — derives from the sun.

Nathan Lewis and Sossina Haile are attempting to produce a prototype for a truly alternative fuel source — an artificial leaf that emulates natural photosynthesis, converting solar energy into a usable, clean chemical fuel.

One of the biggest obstacles to creating a viable solar energy fuel cell involves finding the right catalyst. But what is a catalyst? And what makes the right one right? We spoke with the scientists working on the solar energy fuel cell. Here’s what they told us.

Although fuel cells have been around for more than 150 years, it is only in recent years that they have become a hot area of research and development. Learn about their history and how they work.

In this Q&A, Mark Davis discusses the drug he created and the hope it has already brought. After Davis’ wife was diagnosed with cancer, her chemotherapy treatments became so unbearable that she pleaded with her husband to find a better way. So began a scientific odyssey that led Davis to create IT-101, a revolutionary cancer drug.

A discipline predicted as early as 1958, the emerging science of nanotechnology promises to revolutionize the practice of medicine, providing an array of submicroscopic tools that may simultaneously locate, diagnose, and treat diseases such as cancer while bypassing the hazards and discomfort of conventional therapy.

Clinical trials are conducted to investigate new drugs, medical devices, surgical procedures, and specific nonmedical procedures such as a psychotherapeutic technique for a certain condition. Find out how FDA clinical trials work — and how to participate in one.